GLP-1 Medications - AKA the weight loss drugs: What You Really Need to Know

GLP-1 receptor agonists such as Wegovy and Ozempic and dual receptor agonists such as Mounjaro have been making waves recently, with plenty of chatter in the media about their role in managing type 2 diabetes and aiding weight loss. Even the government has recently agreed to a trial of these medications in a bid to promote ‘preventative medicine’ and workplace wellness. It is their popularity on the celebrity circuits however, that have increased the publicity as a magical weight loss solution for all. In fact, phrases like "Ozempic face" have even entered everyday conversation! But before jumping on the bandwagon, it’s important to understand what these medications are, how they work, and who they’re really meant for. I would also like to highlight that for individuals with a history of eating disorders or eating dysfunction, there are some very real risks to consider.

What Are GLP-1 Receptor Agonists?

GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) receptor agonists are medications that mimic the natural hormone GLP-1. This hormone is key for regulating blood sugar levels, insulin secretion, and appetite. Originally designed to help people with type 2 diabetes, these medications have also been approved for managing obesity due to their ability to reduce calorie intake by around 35%.

How Do They Work?

GLP-1 receptor agonists help your body in a few clever ways:

·       Increasing insulin secretion: They prompt the pancreas to release insulin after you eat, which helps keep blood sugar levels steady.

·       Slowing gastric emptying: Food stays in your stomach longer, helping you feel fuller for longer.

·       Reducing glucagon secretion: This stops the liver from releasing too much glucose into the bloodstream.

·       Acting on the brain’s appetite centres: These medications signal fullness and curb cravings, leading to reduced calorie intake and weight loss. It is this mode of action that makes it attractive to people who consistently suffer with ‘food noise’.

The Benefits of GLP-1 Medications

1.     Better Blood Sugar Control – A huge win for those managing type 2 diabetes, as these medications can stabilise blood sugar levels and reduce A1C.

2.     Weight Loss – Many people see significant weight loss thanks to reduced appetite and slower digestion.

3.     Heart Health Perks – Some GLP-1 medications may lower the risk of heart disease for people with diabetes.

The Downsides and Risks

While the benefits sound impressive, GLP-1 medications aren’t without their downsides:

1.     Tummy Troubles – Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, and constipation are common complaints.

2.     Muscle Loss – Rapid weight loss can result in losing more muscle than fat.

3.     Gallbladder Problems – Fast weight loss can raise the risk of gallstones.

4.     Risk of Malnutrition – Eating less could mean you’re not getting enough nutrients, especially without proper dietary support.

5.     Fatigue and Headaches – Common side effects for some.

6.     Hair Loss – A potential issue when weight loss happens too quickly.

7.     Hypoglycaemia – A risk, especially for those with diabetes.

Who Should Avoid GLP-1 Medications?

While these medications can be life-changing for some, they’re not suitable for everyone. You should steer clear if:

·       You’ve had pancreatitis – GLP-1 medications can increase the risk.

·       You’re at risk for thyroid cancer – Some studies suggest a possible link.

·       You’re pregnant or breastfeeding – The safety of these meds hasn’t been proven for mums-to-be or new mums.

·       You’ve got severe gut issues – Conditions like gastroparesis may worsen with GLP-1 use.

·       You struggle with eating dysfunction – This is one of the biggest and often overlooked red flags.

Why GLP-1 Medications May Not Be Right for Those with Eating Dysfunction

If you have a history of binge eating, restrictive eating, or other disordered behaviours, these medications could do more harm than good. Here’s why:

1.     Hiding the Real Issues – Appetite suppression might stop binges temporarily, but it won’t address emotional triggers or psychological causes of disordered eating.

2.     Encouraging Restriction – If you already lean towards restrictive eating, reduced appetite could lead to extreme food avoidance and malnutrition.

3.     Disrupting Hunger Signals – Healthy eating depends on recognising hunger and fullness cues. These meds can override those signals, making it harder to rebuild a positive relationship with food.

4.     Weight Cycling Risks – Stopping the medication can cause appetite to return, leading to rebound weight gain and more cycles of restriction and bingeing.

5.     Mental Health Impacts – Relying on medication to control appetite can erode trust in your own eating habits, complicating long-term recovery.

How Nutrition Can Support Those Taking Weight Loss Medications

If you decide to take Ozempic or another GLP-1 medication, good nutrition is key to getting the best results while avoiding side effects. Here’s how to stay on track:

·       Prioritise Protein – High-quality protein helps preserve muscle mass as you lose weight. Think lean meats, fish, eggs, and plant-based proteins like beans and lentils.

·       Don’t Skimp on Fibre – Fibre-rich foods like whole grains, fruits, and veggies keep digestion healthy and help you feel full.

·       Healthy Fats Are Your Friend – Nuts, seeds, and avocados provide essential nutrients and support overall health.

·       Stay Hydrated – Drinking plenty of water can ease digestive discomfort and keep energy levels steady.

·       Eat Nutrient-Dense Meals – When your appetite is low, focus on packing the most nutrition in.

At Wellhouse Nutrition, I offer personalised support to help you navigate these changes and get the most sustainable, healthy results. Feel free to get in touch if you’d like more guidance!

Final Thoughts

GLP-1 receptor agonists can be a game-changer for managing type 2 diabetes and obesity, but they’re not a one-size-fits-all solution. For those with a history of eating dysfunction, the risks often outweigh the benefits. Sustainable healing comes from addressing the root causes of dysfunctional eating and building long-term, healthy habits—not just suppressing your appetite.

If you’re considering GLP-1 medications, make sure you’re buying from a certified supplier and consult with your GP or a registered nutritionist. At Wellhouse Nutrition, I’m here to help you explore your options and take a holistic approach to your well-being—because true health is about so much more than weight loss.

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